Meaning resides in text, history, and ideology
Literature is a political tool—those in power decide what is “art”
Truth is relative
Study the author’s (and reader’s) life & times; locate tensions between conflicting cultures; explore the “double consciousness” of colonized & postcolonized writers; observe how colonizers “refashion” the colonized;
*Marxism
Meaning resides in text, history, & ideology: messages of oppression & class conflict
Texts are commodities, not timeless works of art
Truths are socially constructed.
Look for evidence of oppressive ideologies of the dominant social group; look for uses & abuses of power
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